International Trauma Life Support (ITLS) Practice Test 2025 - Free ITLS Practice Questions and Study Guide

In the scenario of a patient with a pneumothorax, the critical management step is to perform needle decompression or chest tube placement. A pneumothorax occurs when air leaks into the pleural space, causing the lung to collapse. This condition can lead to respiratory distress, reduced oxygenation, and potentially life-threatening complications if not addressed promptly.

Needle decompression is a lifesaving intervention that involves inserting a large-bore needle into the pleural space to relieve pressure and allow the lung to re-expand. If the pneumothorax is more significant or recurrent, chest tube placement becomes necessary to continuously drain the air and ensure the lung remains inflated. This intervention directly targets the underlying issue and is essential for stabilizing the patient’s condition.

While delivering high-flow oxygen can be a supportive measure for patients experiencing respiratory distress, it does not address the root cause of the pneumothorax and is not sufficient for definitive treatment. Immediate intubation may be necessary in cases of severe respiratory failure, but it is not a primary treatment for pneumothorax itself. Additionally, performing a tracheostomy is an invasive procedure usually reserved for managing airway obstruction or prolonged intubation and does not treat pneumothorax. Therefore,