International Trauma Life Support (ITLS) Practice Test 2026 - Free ITLS Practice Questions and Study Guide

Cardiogenic shock is a condition characterized by the heart's inability to pump sufficient blood to meet the body's needs, resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion. One of the most common causes of cardiogenic shock is cardiac tamponade, which occurs when fluid accumulates in the pericardial sac surrounding the heart. This accumulation exerts pressure on the heart, limiting its ability to fill and contract effectively. When the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently, organ systems begin to fail due to reduced blood flow and oxygen delivery, leading to the symptoms associated with cardiogenic shock.

In contrast, the other options represented are not direct causes of cardiogenic shock. Severe blood loss typically leads to hypovolemic shock, spinal injury can lead to neurogenic shock, and vasovagal syncope usually results in transient loss of consciousness due to a sudden drop in heart rate and blood pressure, not cardiogenic shock. Understanding the specific mechanisms behind each condition is essential for effective diagnosis and treatment in trauma settings.